Cambodia and Thailand have initiated a United Nations-backed conciliation process to address a prolonged maritime boundary disagreement in the Gulf of Thailand. This effort is being conducted under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The foreign ministers from both nations have already delivered their opening statements during the inaugural meeting, marking a significant step in the ongoing negotiations.
Cambodia is aiming for an agreement that would establish a single maritime boundary with Thailand. Alternatively, Phnom Penh has suggested a joint development initiative that would enable both countries to share the resources located in the contested area. Thailand, on the other hand, has indicated that the discussions should concentrate solely on defining the maritime boundary and has affirmed its commitment to participating in the process with sincerity. Previously, Bangkok had advocated for resolving the issue through direct negotiations between the two countries.
The two nations have been in dispute over approximately 26,000 square kilometers of maritime territory for over 25 years. This area is believed to be rich in natural gas and oil reserves, thus making the resolution of the conflict economically significant. A framework for joint development of these resources was initially established in a 2001 agreement. However, Thailand terminated this arrangement in May following rising tensions linked to lethal border skirmishes between the two countries.
In June, Cambodia took the step to initiate the compulsory UNCLOS conciliation process. The independent panel overseeing this process is empowered to issue recommendations, although it is important to note that their findings are not legally binding on either party involved. This conciliation process represents a crucial opportunity for both countries to find a mutually agreeable solution to their longstanding maritime dispute.